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150 Best
Cities for Sleep

150 Best Cities For Sleep in the United States

If you’ve ever lain awake at night wondering how — or if — your neighbors are sleeping, then read on. It turns out the same factors that influence your sleep may be affecting other residents of your town, too.

How do we know? We put together a comprehensive list of the best cities for sleep using carefully chosen metrics backed by peer-reviewed scientific studies. Sleep is affected by a range of influences, which vary from person to person. Some factors, like drinking habits, are personal or behavioral, while others, such as air pollution, affect the community as a whole. Meaning you’re probably not the only one in your area sleeping like a baby — or tossing and turning.

So, how does your city stack up? To find out, keep reading. We’ve created a comprehensive, state-by-state list of the top 150 slumber-friendly locales in the United States. Check out our top 10 cities for sleep, and don’t forget our methodology for all the details about how we selected our data. 

1
Los Altos Hills, California
Los Altos H.
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 95.46

Los Altos Hills, CA

Population 8,559
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 248,218
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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2
Atherton, California
Atherton
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 95.44

Atherton, CA

Population 7,187
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 250,000
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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3
Woodside, California
Woodside
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 95.44

Woodside, CA

Population 5,510
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 250,000
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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4
Hillsborough, California
Hillsboroug.
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 94.84

Hillsborough, CA

Population 11,444
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 238,750
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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5
Cherry Hills Village, Colorado
Cherry Hill.
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 94.66

Cherry Hills Village, CO

Population 6,650
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 238,750
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.7
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.7
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.84
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 28

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6
Scarsdale, New York
Scarsdale
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 94.56

Scarsdale, NY

Population 17,863
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 250,000
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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7
Travilah, Maryland
Travilah
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 94.19

Travilah, MD

Population 12,204
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 225,104
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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8
Old Greenwich, Connecticut
Old Greenwi.
Top 5th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 94.07

Old Greenwich, CT

Population 6,860
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 236,250
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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9
Great Falls, Virginia
Great Falls
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 93.94

Great Falls, VA

Population 15,589
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 230,450
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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10
West University Place, Texas
West Univer.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 93.33

West University Place, TX

Population 15,676
Insufficient Sleep 340
Median Income 243,226
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.2
Food insecurity 170
Unempolyment 50

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11
Los Altos, California
Los Altos
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 93.32

Los Altos, CA

Population 30,531
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 208,309
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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12
Wolf Trap, Virginia
Wolf Trap
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 93.32

Wolf Trap, VA

Population 17,086
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 218,750
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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13
Weston, Connecticut
Weston
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 93.19

Weston, CT

Population 10,247
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 219,868
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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14
Darien, Connecticut
Darien
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.6

Darien, CT

Population 21,753
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 208,848
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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15
Greenville, New York
Greenville
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.53

Greenville, NY

Population 7,087
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 212,042
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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16
Kentfield, California
Kentfield
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.5

Kentfield, CA

Population 6,927
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 192,344
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 180
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.61
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 29

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17
New Castle, New York
New Castle
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.48

New Castle, NY

Population 17,862
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 211,105
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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18
Southlake, Texas
Southlake
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.46

Southlake, TX

Population 32,269
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 207,917
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 240
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 210
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.82
Food insecurity 150
Unempolyment 33

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19
Darnestown, Maryland
Darnestown
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.29

Darnestown, MD

Population 6,540
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 189,620
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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20
Piedmont, California
Piedmont
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.28

Piedmont, CA

Population 11,238
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 202,631
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 36

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21
Alamo, California
Alamo
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.26

Alamo, CA

Population 15,521
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 207,008
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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22
Floris, Virginia
Floris
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.21

Floris, VA

Population 8,507
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 198,068
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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23
Dover, Massachusetts
Dover
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.19

Dover, MA

Population 6,101
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 204,018
Mentally unhealthy days 3.7
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 210
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.84
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 33

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24
Bronxville, New York
Bronxville
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.19

Bronxville, NY

Population 6,440
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 205,781
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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25
Potomac, Maryland
Potomac
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.18

Potomac, MD

Population 45,780
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 187,568
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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26
Belmont, Virginia
Belmont
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.12

Belmont, VA

Population 6,563
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 195,882
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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27
Crosspointe, Virginia
Crosspointe
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 92.09

Crosspointe, VA

Population 5,970
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 195,833
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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28
McLean, Virginia
McLean
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.96

McLean, VA

Population 47,305
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 193,426
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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29
Weston, Massachusetts
Weston
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.85

Weston, MA

Population 12,134
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 196,651
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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30
South Run, Virginia
South Run
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.85

South Run, VA

Population 6,409
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 191,351
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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31
Winnetka, Illinois
Winnetka
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.82

Winnetka, IL

Population 12,385
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 216,875
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 220
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 5.25
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 52

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32
Larchmont, New York
Larchmont
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.81

Larchmont, NY

Population 6,069
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 198,661
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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33
Pound Ridge, New York
Pound Ridge
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.8

Pound Ridge, NY

Population 5,153
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 198,500
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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34
Riverside, Connecticut
Riverside
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.76

Riverside, CT

Population 8,385
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 193,194
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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35
University Park, Texas
University .
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.62

University Park, TX

Population 25,182
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 211,741
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 290
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 150
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 180
Unempolyment 38

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36
Saratoga, California
Saratoga
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.44

Saratoga, CA

Population 30,599
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 173,136
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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37
Castle Pines, Colorado
Castle Pine.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.29

Castle Pines, CO

Population 10,507
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 157,550
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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38
Loudoun Valley Estates, Virginia
Loudoun Val.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.25

Loudoun Valley Estates, VA

Population 6,649
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 179,583
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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39
East Hills, New York
East Hills
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.17

East Hills, NY

Population 7,189
Insufficient Sleep 380
Median Income 199,000
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3.1
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.1
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 41

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40
Orinda, California
Orinda
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.14

Orinda, CA

Population 19,806
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 186,075
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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41
Westport, Connecticut
Westport
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.13

Westport, CT

Population 28,115
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 181,360
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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42
Coto De Caza, California
Coto De Caz.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.11

Coto De Caza, CA

Population 14,799
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 174,943
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.71
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 35

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43
Glencoe, Illinois
Glencoe
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.09

Glencoe, IL

Population 8,869
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 203,235
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 220
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 5.25
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 52

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44
Wilton, Connecticut
Wilton
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.07

Wilton, CT

Population 18,397
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 180,313
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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45
Fort Hunt, Virginia
Fort Hunt
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.04

Fort Hunt, VA

Population 16,978
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 176,169
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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46
Dranesville, Virginia
Dranesville
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91.02

Dranesville, VA

Population 11,690
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 175,772
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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47
Highland Park, Texas
Highland Pa.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 91

Highland Park, TX

Population 9,180
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 200,208
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 290
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 150
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 180
Unempolyment 38

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48
Long Grove, Illinois
Long Grove
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.98

Long Grove, IL

Population 7,956
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 187,212
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.41
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 44

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49
Ladue, Missouri
Ladue
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.97

Ladue, MO

Population 8,635
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 203,250
Mentally unhealthy days 3.8
Obesity 290
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 180
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.24
Food insecurity 150
Unempolyment 34

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50
The Village Of Indian Hill, Ohio
The Village.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.96

The Village Of Indian Hill, OH

Population 5,887
Insufficient Sleep 390
Median Income 215,679
Mentally unhealthy days 4
Obesity 280
oor physical health days 3.8
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.8
Smoking 180
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.59
Food insecurity 180
Unempolyment 44

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51
Brambleton, Virginia
Brambleton
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.93

Brambleton, VA

Population 19,876
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 173,690
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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52
Broadlands, Virginia
Broadlands
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.9

Broadlands, VA

Population 13,859
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 173,093
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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53
North Castle, New York
North Castl.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.86

North Castle, NY

Population 12,212
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 180,859
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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54
North Potomac, Maryland
North Potom.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.79

North Potomac, MD

Population 24,236
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 161,553
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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55
Tamalpais-Homestead Valley, California
Tamalpais-H.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.77

Tamalpais-Homestead Valley, CA

Population 10,853
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 160,050
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 180
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.61
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 29

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56
New Canaan, Connecticut
New Canaan
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.77

New Canaan, CT

Population 20,213
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 174,677
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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57
Bellaire, Texas
Bellaire
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.75

Bellaire, TX

Population 18,966
Insufficient Sleep 340
Median Income 195,018
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.2
Food insecurity 170
Unempolyment 50

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58
Wellesley, Massachusetts
Wellesley
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.74

Wellesley, MA

Population 29,673
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 176,852
Mentally unhealthy days 3.7
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 210
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.84
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 33

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59
East Foothills, California
East Foothi.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.72

East Foothills, CA

Population 6,405
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 159,811
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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60
South Kensington, Maryland
South Kensi.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.72

South Kensington, MD

Population 8,684
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 160,303
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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61
Fairfax Station, Virginia
Fairfax Sta.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.72

Fairfax Station, VA

Population 11,607
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 170,130
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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62
Franklin Farm, Virginia
Franklin Fa.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.68

Franklin Farm, VA

Population 19,588
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 169,549
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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63
Palos Verdes Estates, California
Palos Verde.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.67

Palos Verdes Estates, CA

Population 13,404
Insufficient Sleep 350
Median Income 180,815
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.97
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 47

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64
Blackhawk, California
Blackhawk
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.66

Blackhawk, CA

Population 9,912
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 177,083
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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65
Dunn Loring, Virginia
Dunn Loring
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.65

Dunn Loring, VA

Population 9,473
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 168,952
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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66
Sudbury, Massachusetts
Sudbury
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.48

Sudbury, MA

Population 19,627
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 170,945
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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67
Carlisle, Massachusetts
Carlisle
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.46

Carlisle, MA

Population 5,247
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 170,703
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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68
Bethesda, Maryland
Bethesda
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.41

Bethesda, MD

Population 63,168
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 154,559
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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69
Rye, New York
Rye
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.41

Rye, NY

Population 15,752
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 172,422
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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70
Poolesville, Maryland
Poolesville
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.39

Poolesville, MD

Population 5,242
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 154,107
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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71
Cupertino, California
Cupertino
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.38

Cupertino, CA

Population 60,170
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 153,449
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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72
Sammamish, Washington
Sammamish
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.36

Sammamish, WA

Population 65,733
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 157,271
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 37

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73
Tiburon, California
Tiburon
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.31

Tiburon, CA

Population 9,115
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 151,429
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 180
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.61
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 29

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74
Wayland, Massachusetts
Wayland
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.26

Wayland, MA

Population 13,882
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 166,893
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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75
San Carlos, California
San Carlos
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.22

San Carlos, CA

Population 30,364
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 152,521
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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76
Lowes Island, Virginia
Lowes Islan.
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.13

Lowes Island, VA

Population 11,094
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 158,668
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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77
Leawood, Kansas
Leawood
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.07

Leawood, KS

Population 34,689
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 151,446
Mentally unhealthy days 2.7
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 2.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.3
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.43
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 30

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78
Palo Alto, California
Palo Alto
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.07

Palo Alto, CA

Population 66,666
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 147,537
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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79
Duvall, Washington
Duvall
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.06

Duvall, WA

Population 8,061
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 151,612
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 37

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80
Mantua, Virginia
Mantua
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.06

Mantua, VA

Population 7,207
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 157,845
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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81
Fulshear, Texas
Fulshear
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.03

Fulshear, TX

Population 11,990
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 174,194
Mentally unhealthy days 3
Obesity 290
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.1
Food insecurity 150
Unempolyment 46

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82
Lake Forest, Illinois
Lake Forest
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90.02

Lake Forest, IL

Population 19,544
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 169,122
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.41
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 44

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83
Lexington, Massachusetts
Lexington
Top 10th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 90

Lexington, MA

Population 33,792
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 162,083
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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84
Hawthorn Woods, Illinois
Hawthorn Wo.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.97

Hawthorn Woods, IL

Population 8,552
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 168,224
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.41
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 44

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85
Ladera Ranch, California
Ladera Ranc.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.94

Ladera Ranch, CA

Population 28,769
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 152,923
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.71
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 35

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86
El Granada, California
El Granada
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.91

El Granada, CA

Population 6,286
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 146,692
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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87
The Pinery, Colorado
The Pinery
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.85

The Pinery, CO

Population 11,720
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 130,509
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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88
Mill Valley, California
Mill Valley
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.79

Mill Valley, CA

Population 14,295
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 141,698
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 180
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.61
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 29

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89
Scaggsville, Maryland
Scaggsville
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.78

Scaggsville, MD

Population 9,142
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 145,307
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 240
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.85
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 31

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90
Cottage Lake, Washington
Cottage Lak.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.78

Cottage Lake, WA

Population 23,941
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 146,315
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 37

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91
Paradise Valley, Arizona
Paradise Va.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.77

Paradise Valley, AZ

Population 14,502
Insufficient Sleep 340
Median Income 175,673
Mentally unhealthy days 3.7
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.71
Food insecurity 140
Unempolyment 42

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92
Cold Spring Harbor, New York
Cold Spring.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.74

Cold Spring Harbor, NY

Population 5,088
Insufficient Sleep 360
Median Income 173,088
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 240
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 150
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.15
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 45

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93
Montecito, California
Montecito
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.72

Montecito, CA

Population 8,984
Insufficient Sleep 270
Median Income 146,250
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.57
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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94
Wakefield, Virginia
Wakefield
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.71

Wakefield, VA

Population 12,393
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 151,424
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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95
Vienna, Virginia
Vienna
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.66

Vienna, VA

Population 16,556
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 150,383
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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96
Pelham Manor, New York
Pelham Mano.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.66

Pelham Manor, NY

Population 5,563
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 158,417
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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97
Briarcliff Manor, New York
Briarcliff .
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.63

Briarcliff Manor, NY

Population 8,215
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 157,963
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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98
Summit Park, Utah
Summit Park
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.62

Summit Park, UT

Population 7,954
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 119,839
Mentally unhealthy days 3
Obesity 150
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.38
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 31

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99
Minnetrista, Minnesota
Minnetrista
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.62

Minnetrista, MN

Population 7,912
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 148,783
Mentally unhealthy days 3
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.7
Drinking 250
Physical inactivity 2.7
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 30

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100
La Cañada Flintridge, California
La Cañada .
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.58

La Cañada Flintridge, CA

Population 20,227
Insufficient Sleep 350
Median Income 160,481
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.97
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 47

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101
Upper Uwchlan, Pennsylvania
Upper Uwchl.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.55

Upper Uwchlan, PA

Population 11,609
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 156,432
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 240
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 36

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102
Lake Bluff, Illinois
Lake Bluff
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.55

Lake Bluff, IL

Population 5,617
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 160,417
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.41
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 44

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103
Ridgefield, Connecticut
Ridgefield
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.53

Ridgefield, CT

Population 25,008
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 151,399
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 45

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104
South Riding, Virginia
South Ridin.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.53

South Riding, VA

Population 30,426
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 147,371
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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105
Medfield, Massachusetts
Medfield
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.51

Medfield, MA

Population 12,904
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 153,847
Mentally unhealthy days 3.7
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 210
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.84
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 33

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106
Inverness, Illinois
Inverness
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.51

Inverness, IL

Population 7,438
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 173,828
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 220
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 5.25
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 52

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107
Winchester, Massachusetts
Winchester
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.47

Winchester, MA

Population 22,851
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 152,196
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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108
Marvin, North Carolina
Marvin
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.47

Marvin, NC

Population 6,592
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 170,500
Mentally unhealthy days 3.8
Obesity 310
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 150
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.82
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 40

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109
Olney, Maryland
Olney
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.46

Olney, MD

Population 35,766
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 136,786
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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110
New Albany, Ohio
New Albany
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.46

New Albany, OH

Population 10,889
Insufficient Sleep 370
Median Income 187,200
Mentally unhealthy days 4.2
Obesity 290
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 190
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.24
Food insecurity 170
Unempolyment 40

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111
Eagle, Colorado
Eagle
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.44

Eagle, CO

Population 6,961
Insufficient Sleep 240
Median Income 118,630
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 140
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 230
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 1.47
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 23

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112
Corte Madera, California
Corte Mader.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.43

Corte Madera, CA

Population 9,802
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 134,902
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 180
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.61
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 29

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113
Hopkinton, Massachusetts
Hopkinton
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.43

Hopkinton, MA

Population 18,269
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 151,357
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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114
Terrell Hills, Texas
Terrell Hil.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.43

Terrell Hills, TX

Population 5,425
Insufficient Sleep 340
Median Income 174,844
Mentally unhealthy days 3.8
Obesity 280
oor physical health days 4.3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 4.3
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 35

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115
Woodbury, New York
Woodbury
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.43

Woodbury, NY

Population 8,684
Insufficient Sleep 380
Median Income 166,568
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3.1
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.1
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 41

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116
Superior, Colorado
Superior
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.42

Superior, CO

Population 13,175
Insufficient Sleep 230
Median Income 119,810
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 150
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 240
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.7
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 24

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117
Lone Tree, Colorado
Lone Tree
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.4

Lone Tree, CO

Population 14,653
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 122,202
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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118
Hinsdale, Illinois
Hinsdale
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.39

Hinsdale, IL

Population 17,652
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 171,453
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 220
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 5.25
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 52

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119
Villa Park, California
Villa Park
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.38

Villa Park, CA

Population 5,839
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 142,628
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.71
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 35

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120
Clarksburg, Maryland
Clarksburg
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.38

Clarksburg, MD

Population 22,100
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 135,203
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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121
Long Branch, Virginia
Long Branch
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.38

Long Branch, VA

Population 8,010
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 145,213
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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122
Foster City, California
Foster City
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.36

Foster City, CA

Population 34,151
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 136,383
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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123
Danville, California
Danville
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.36

Danville, CA

Population 44,650
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 152,798
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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124
Lafayette, California
Lafayette
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.35

Lafayette, CA

Population 26,521
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 152,609
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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125
Ashton-Sandy Spring, Maryland
Ashton-Sand.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.33

Ashton-Sandy Spring, MD

Population 6,004
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 134,338
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.4
Drinking 150
Physical inactivity 2.4
Smoking 70
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.78
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 33

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126
Victoria, Minnesota
Victoria
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.3

Victoria, MN

Population 9,820
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 140,889
Mentally unhealthy days 2.6
Obesity 240
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 260
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 29

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127
West Deerfield, Illinois
West Deerfi.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.29

West Deerfield, IL

Population 31,653
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 155,616
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.5
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.5
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.41
Food insecurity 70
Unempolyment 44

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128
Los Gatos, California
Los Gatos
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.27

Los Gatos, CA

Population 30,680
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 132,671
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 80
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.12
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 32

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129
Mercer Island, Washington
Mercer Isla.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.26

Mercer Island, WA

Population 25,976
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 136,644
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 37

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130
Snoqualmie, Washington
Snoqualmie
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.25

Snoqualmie, WA

Population 13,752
Insufficient Sleep 290
Median Income 136,508
Mentally unhealthy days 3.2
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.63
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 37

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131
Cascades, Virginia
Cascades
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.23

Cascades, VA

Population 12,132
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 141,741
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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132
Stonegate, Colorado
Stonegate
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.19

Stonegate, CO

Population 9,379
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 118,286
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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133
Menlo Park, California
Menlo Park
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.17

Menlo Park, CA

Population 34,549
Insufficient Sleep 300
Median Income 132,928
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 90
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.22
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 27

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134
San Marino, California
San Marino
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.16

San Marino, CA

Population 13,186
Insufficient Sleep 350
Median Income 152,527
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.97
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 47

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135
Lewisboro, New York
Lewisboro
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.14

Lewisboro, NY

Population 12,564
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 148,824
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.2
Drinking 190
Physical inactivity 3.2
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.64
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 46

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136
Garden City, New York
Garden City
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.14

Garden City, NY

Population 22,495
Insufficient Sleep 380
Median Income 161,163
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3.1
Drinking 180
Physical inactivity 3.1
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.5
Food insecurity 60
Unempolyment 41

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137
Highlands Ranch, Colorado
Highlands R.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.12

Highlands Ranch, CO

Population 105,264
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 116,973
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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138
Stone Ridge, Virginia
Stone Ridge
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.1

Stone Ridge, VA

Population 11,803
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 139,400
Mentally unhealthy days 2.8
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 2.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 2.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.36
Food insecurity 40
Unempolyment 30

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139
Erie, Colorado
Erie
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.08

Erie, CO

Population 25,447
Insufficient Sleep 230
Median Income 113,304
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 150
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 240
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.7
Food insecurity 120
Unempolyment 24

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140
Stow, Massachusetts
Stow
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.08

Stow, MA

Population 7,214
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 144,766
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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141
Westwood, Massachusetts
Westwood
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.07

Westwood, MA

Population 16,127
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 145,799
Mentally unhealthy days 3.7
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.9
Drinking 210
Physical inactivity 2.9
Smoking 120
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.84
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 33

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142
Pinecrest, Florida
Pinecrest
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.07

Pinecrest, FL

Population 19,591
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 152,643
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.52
Food insecurity 90
Unempolyment 48

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143
Medina, Minnesota
Medina
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.05

Medina, MN

Population 6,601
Insufficient Sleep 280
Median Income 138,125
Mentally unhealthy days 3
Obesity 220
oor physical health days 2.7
Drinking 250
Physical inactivity 2.7
Smoking 130
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 30

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144
Roxborough Park, Colorado
Roxborough .
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.04

Roxborough Park, CO

Population 9,588
Insufficient Sleep 250
Median Income 115,365
Mentally unhealthy days 2.9
Obesity 190
oor physical health days 2.5
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 2.5
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.45
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 24

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145
Cochituate, Massachusetts
Cochituate
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.02

Cochituate, MA

Population 6,832
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 143,712
Mentally unhealthy days 3.5
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 200
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.98
Food insecurity 80
Unempolyment 30

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146
Clayton, California
Clayton
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89.01

Clayton, CA

Population 12,192
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 146,225
Mentally unhealthy days 3.4
Obesity 250
oor physical health days 3.4
Drinking 160
Physical inactivity 3.4
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.06
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 38

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147
New Trier, Illinois
New Trier
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 89

New Trier, IL

Population 56,053
Insufficient Sleep 330
Median Income 164,196
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 270
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 220
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 140
Air pollution (PM2.5) 5.25
Food insecurity 130
Unempolyment 52

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148
Kings Park West, Virginia
Kings Park .
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 88.97

Kings Park West, VA

Population 14,578
Insufficient Sleep 320
Median Income 137,465
Mentally unhealthy days 3.1
Obesity 230
oor physical health days 3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 2.91
Food insecurity 50
Unempolyment 30

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149
Manhattan Beach, California
Manhattan B.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 88.96

Manhattan Beach, CA

Population 35,532
Insufficient Sleep 350
Median Income 148,899
Mentally unhealthy days 3.6
Obesity 210
oor physical health days 3.6
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.6
Smoking 110
Air pollution (PM2.5) 4.97
Food insecurity 110
Unempolyment 47

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150
North Tustin, California
North Tusti.
Top 25th Percentile in U.S.
Sleep Score: 88.95

North Tustin, CA

Population 25,364
Insufficient Sleep 310
Median Income 134,519
Mentally unhealthy days 3.3
Obesity 200
oor physical health days 3.3
Drinking 170
Physical inactivity 3.3
Smoking 100
Air pollution (PM2.5) 3.71
Food insecurity 100
Unempolyment 35

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The Top 10 Cities Overview

Top 10 Cities

The Golden State of California nabs the top four slots, quite an honor given the number of cities we looked at. Why such a strong showing from a single state? Well, residents of these four California locales boast a healthy median income, lower rates of smoking, and low unemployment, and spend fewer nights lying awake than folks in many other metropolitan areas.

1. Los Altos Hills, California

Topping our list at number 1 is another small city in the Golden State, Los Altos Hills. This wealthy Silicon Valley town has no post office or library, a result of a ban on commercial zones. What Los Altos Hills does have is plenty of palm trees, palatial estates, and healthy sleep. Residents of this sylvan city enjoy minimal air pollution and rock-bottom rates of obesity, unemployment, and excessive drinking. You won’t find many smokers in this hilly town, where adequate sleep and mentally healthy days are par for the course. It’s nothing but clear skies for the residents of Los Altos Hills, our top choice for sleep.  

2. Atherton, CA

Coming in at number 2 is Atherton, a charming Northern California town located an hour’s drive from San Francisco. Considered one of the wealthiest communities in the US, Atherton consists of just 5 wooded square miles nestled along the Pacific coast. With their exceptional scores in every category from exercise to employment, folks in this small city know what it takes to get a good night’s sleep. Just 300 in 1000 residents report insufficient sleep every year, and only 27 in 1000 are unemployed. Just as important, they experience fewer than 3 mentally or physically unhealthy days each month. Across-the-board high marks add up to a lot of healthy sleep in Atherton, making this city a shoo-in for our number 2 slot. 

3. Woodside, CA.

Our number 3 pick — Woodside, CA, another town in sun-drenched San Mateo County. Located about 15 miles south of Hillsborough, Woodside has the smallest population — just 5500 —  of any city in our top 10. But what Woodside lacks in population, it makes up for in horses. This tiny town is known for its equine-loving community and network of scenic horse trails. If Woodside sounds like the ideal place to sleep, it is. Low unemployment, food insecurity, and air pollution help residents reduce stress along with the risk of sleep apnea. Folks in Woodside smoke less and exercise more than people in many other cities in the country, boosting their overall score and landing them in our top 3. 

4. Hillsborough, CA

Let’s head out to California, the location of our number 4 pick for the best cities for sleep. Hillsborough is located in San Mateo County 17 miles from San Francisco and is known for its winding and hilly landscape. This sunny suburb has a Mediterranean climate and a population of around 11,500. So, what do residents’ sleep habits look like? Well, not only do folks here get top marks for physical activity and low obesity, they rack up fewer mentally unhealthy days, a good indicator of healthy slumber. As far as good shuteye goes, it doesn’t get much better than Hillsborough, where just 300 residents out of 1000 report insufficient sleep each year. Smoking and drinking rates are low, too, helping to secure Hillsborough’s impressive showing at number 4. 

5. Cherry Hills Village, Colorado

The award for smallest population in the top 10 goes to Cherry Hills Village, Colorado, recently named 2nd richest city in the country. This town of 6600 residents is known for its palatial homes and proximity to Denver. Celebrities who have lived in Cherry Hills Village include Madeleine Albright and Peyton Manning. So what sets the city apart when it comes to sleep? Of all the locations in our top 10, Cherry Hills Village has the lowest rate of insufficient sleep. It’s also tied with 4 other top cities for the fewest number of days without physical activity. Residents of this mile-high town are a healthy bunch, racking up more physically healthy days than any of our other 10 best cities except for Travilah, Maryland. Higher rates of smoking and drinking knock Cherry Hills Village down a few notches, but if it’s sleep you’re after, this town is a great place to get it.

6. Scarsdale, New York

Next stop, Scarsdale, an affluent suburb of New York City. Scarsdale is tied with two of our other top 10 cities for highest median income, one of the crucial lifestyle factors that contributes to healthy sleep. With almost 18,000 residents, Scarsdale has the highest population of all the towns in our top 10 and one of the lowest rates of obesity. People who live in Scarsdale smoke less and work out more than people in many other cities, reducing their risk for breathing-related sleep disorders. What knocks Scarsdale out of the top 5? Rates of excessive drinking and unemployment chip away at its overall score, bringing this generally well-slept city to number 6. 

7. Travilah, Maryland

Welcome to Travilah, Maryland. This unincorporated area near the tony suburb of Potomac may not have its own zip code, but it does have some of the most rested residents in the United States. The town is home to a population of just over 12,000 as well as the Travilah Oak, a 285 year-old oak tree that stands almost 80 feet high. Travilah has the fewest number of mentally unhealthy days of any city in our top 10, and fewer physically unhealthy days than every top 10 city except Great Falls, Virginia. This high-income town also boasts low obesity, smoking, and insufficient sleep scores. So why isn’t Travilah in our top 5? Higher levels of air pollution may contribute to snoring, sleep apnea, and disrupted sleep. 

8. Old Greenwich, Connecticut

Heading north, the next city on our list is Old Greenwich, Connecticut. This coastal hamlet is located 40 miles from New York City and is one of the wealthiest towns in the country. With a population of 7500, Old Greenwich is among the smallest cities in our top ten. It’s also one of the best-slept. Residents of Old Greenwich enjoy lower rates of obesity and fewer poor physical health days than many of the towns we rated. Favorable air pollution levels help to reduce the risk of sleep apnea and asthma. Despite an impressively low insufficient sleep rating, slightly higher unemployment, smoking, and food insecurity scores keep Old Greenwich in the number 8 spot. 

9. Great Falls, Virginia

Taking the number 9 spot is Great Falls, Virginia on the picturesque bank of the Potomac River. Because this suburban community is only 15 miles from downtown Washington, many politicians and government employees call it home. So how do the residents of this bucolic town sleep? Well, they’re ahead of all but one of our top 10 choices when it comes to air pollution. They have one of the lowest excessive drinking rates of any of the 150 cities on our list, and their exercise habits are up there with the best. So why doesn’t Great Falls rank higher? Insufficient sleep rates are higher and the number of mentally healthy days is lower than some other top cities. Given the city’s proximity to Washington DC, these indicators may be tied to long work hours or the stress of life in politics. 

10. West University Place, Texas

Coming in at number 10 is the town of West University Place in the great state of Texas. Also known as West U, this leafy Houston bedroom community has a population of around 16,000 and, according to our statistics, these folks know how to sleep. West U residents enjoy a lower than average obesity rate, fewer physically and mentally unhealthy days, and lower rates of excessive drinking than much of the country. Adequate sleep is the norm in West U, though around 340 residents out of 1000 still report insufficient slumber each year. West U has slightly higher rates of unemployment, air pollution, and food insecurity than our other top picks, keeping it from rising higher on the list. 

 

The Best Cities for Sleep by State

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois

Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon

Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennesse
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin

Our Methodology

When compiling our list of the best cities for sleep, we started with sufficient vs. insufficient sleep and then tied in some other crucial metrics. How did we pick these metrics in particular? We looked at the latest research and found a strong connection between healthy sleep and certain behaviors and environmental factors.

Here’s the breakdown of the data we chose: 

Adult obesity rates

The current obesity rate in the United States hovers around 35%. Rates of obesity tend to be more prevalent in the south but are increasing country wide. We looked at obesity rates by state to help us rank the best cities for sleep. Why obesity? A larger body mass index is strongly associated with sleep apnea, a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing, daytime sleepiness, and an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. (1)

Obesity can also contribute to insomnia and other sleep disorders such as hypersomnia (excessive sleeping) and restless legs syndrome. Weight gain and changes in fat metabolism can result from long-term sleep deprivation and sleep apnea. Obesity can also cause other sleep-related issues such as snoring and a chronic lack of oxygen called obesity hypoventilation syndrome.

Number of mentally healthy days

Depression and other psychiatric disorders can cause sleep disorders, and sleep disorders can contribute to psychiatric issues. (2) An analysis of major studies revealed that volunteers who suffered from insomnia symptoms were twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression as those without sleep difficulties. Medications to treat psychiatric disturbances can also cause insomnia.

Though the connection between mental health and sleep disorders isn’t entirely understood, it is well-known that hormones and neurotransmitters are affected by poor sleep and may have a strong influence on mood and the development of psychiatric conditions. Because of the significant impact of mental health on sleep disorders, we gave the number of mentally healthy days significant weight when compiling our list of the best cities for sleep.

Excessive drinking

We included excessive alcohol consumption on our list due to its effect on REM sleep and overall sleep quality. Rates of drinking are increasing in the United States, particularly among women, older people, and lower income groups. Binge drinking rose nearly 30% between 2002 and 2013, while alcohol abuse surged 50%.

Studies prove that alcohol can reduce sleep efficiency and change sleep patterns. (3) Although alcohol can reduce the time it takes to fall asleep, it can cause waking during the night once its effects on the central nervous system wear off. For these reasons, we included the drinking habits of a city’s residents in our data when selecting the best cities for sleep.

Physical inactivity

Because physical activity can impact sleep and the circadian rhythm, we included exercise — or the lack of it — when making our list of slumber-friendly cities. Studies show that exercise has a positive effect on sleep, particularly in people with chronic insomnia. (4) Exercise impacts the effect of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, which can contribute to hyperactivation of the central nervous system, a common cause of insomnia.

Sufficient sleep is also necessary for the proper functioning of muscles and the repair and rebuilding of tissues after a workout. The majority of muscle regeneration takes place during sleep when growth hormone is released by the pituitary gland. It’s no coincidence that cities with a higher percentage of regular exercisers tend to rank higher on our list of best cities for sleep.

Smoking

Smoking or consuming nicotine in any form is a hazard to sleep health. Nicotine is a powerful stimulant that can prevent or delay sleep. (5) Withdrawal from nicotine is a common cause of insomnia, as well. Because of its effect on the lungs and blood vessels, nicotine can increase breathing disorders that impact sleep, such as asthma and sleep apnea. Although vaping does not involve the inhalation of smoke, it can deliver more powerful stimulant effects than smoked nicotine, disrupting sleep even further.

Studies show that people who consume nicotine in any form spend less time in deep sleep, particularly during the early part of the night when blood levels of nicotine are highest. Sleep can also be disrupted as nicotine levels drop toward morning and cravings increase. The data is so convincing that we included nicotine use on our list of behaviors that influence sleep.

Air pollution

Air pollution was a key factor in our rankings of the best cities for sleep. Metrics included particulate pollution from cars and ozone levels. Higher levels of air pollution are linked to increased rates of asthma, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. (6) There is a strong connection between asthma and obstructive sleep apnea, which can cause weight gain, heart problems, increased risk of stroke, and diabetes.

Air pollution can also cause upper airway congestion, leading to snoring and raising the risk of sleep apnea. Cities with higher levels of pollutants experience more days of unhealthy air quality, making physical exercise and outdoor activities more harmful to the lungs. Air pollution is often caused by urban conditions including traffic and construction, which can create a noisy environment that further disrupts sleep.

Food insecurity

We added food insecurity to our list of important sleep metrics because of its influence on physical and mental health. (7) Food insecurity describes a lack of available food, lack of access to food, and/or a lack of food that contains adequate nutrition. A recent study showed that people who sleep less than seven hours a night tend to consume fewer vitamins and minerals such as A, D, and magnesium.

The US government measures food insecurity by asking questions on the Census Bureau’s Current Population Survey. Not surprisingly, food insecurity is more common in lower-income households. People who don’t eat enough nutritious food are more likely to suffer from health problems, which can also cause sleep issues.

Food insecurity is a significant source of stress. The anxiety, hunger, and economic uncertainty associated with lack of food or inadequate nutrition can contribute to poor sleep and insomnia. Sleep difficulties can also make work or school more challenging and cause further economic hardship.

Number of unemployed residents

Like food insecurity, unemployment can contribute to chronic sleep issues. Unemployment can also lead to hypersomnia, or excessive sleep and sleepiness. Longer-term unemployment may trigger depression, which is strongly associated with sleep difficulties, especially insomnia. Unemployment can go hand in hand with other issues that have a negative effect on sleep, including inconsistent income, poor living conditions, depression and/or anxiety, and substance abuse.

A recent study shows that people with sleep apnea are more likely to have a history of job loss and unemployment. (8) Sleep disorders can result from job loss and contribute to it, as well. This may be because sleep apnea, insomnia, and other sleep difficulties can cause illness, diminished brain function, irritability, and other physical and emotional effects that make keeping a job more difficult.

Median income

In our search for the best cities for sleep, we included data on median income. Studies show that more sleep may equal more income, particularly over time. (9) Sleep improves productivity, which can directly correlate to a higher salary. Better work performance is linked to adequate sleep, while poorer performance, including on-the-job accidents and mistakes, is tied to poor sleep.

Workers tend to make more money in cities where the residents get more sleep. Just one extra hour of sleep each week could lead to 5% more earnings over the long-term. People who live in cities where it gets darker earlier generally sleep more and make a higher salary than people who live in areas where the sun goes down later. This is probably related to the body’s circadian rhythm, which is designed to respond to light cues and cause sleepiness once night falls.

Insufficient sleep

Perhaps the most crucial metric we looked at is insufficient sleep. Most adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep each night, but more than a third of US adults get less than that. Insufficient sleep can be caused by a number of reasons, including mood disorders, stress, sleep apnea, negative psychological associations with the bed and sleep, medications, and chronic pain. Lack of sleep accounts for about $400 billion in lost productivity each year.

Insufficient sleep is linked to serious and potentially irreversible health effects. Possible consequences of short-term sleep loss include fatigue, trouble concentrating, irritability, and a higher risk of illness. Sleep deprivation over the long term can lead to obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and dementia. Insufficient sleep also increases the risk of microsleep episodes, which can lead to car accidents and workplace injuries. (10)

Cities where residents sleep fewer than the recommended number of hours may have a greater risk of certain medical conditions and unhealthy behaviors. People in the Appalachias get the least amount of sleep and also report higher rates of obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking.

References

  1. Beccuti G, Pannain S., Sleep and Obesity, Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, July 14, 2011
  2. Krahn LE., Psychiatric disorders associated with disturbed sleep, Seminars in Neurology, March 25, 2005
  3. Stein MD, Friedmann PD., Disturbed Sleep and Its Relationship to Alcohol Use, Substance Abuse, November 10, 2009
  4. Chang JJ, Pien GW, Stamatakis KA, Brownson RC., Association between physical activity and insomnia symptoms in rural communities of southeastern Missouri, Tennessee, and Arkansas, Journal of Rural Health, June 29, 2013
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